Kubva muna Kukadzi 2025, nyika zhinji pasi rose dzakawedzera kusimbisa mitemo yadzo pa-midzanga, vachitarisa kuchengetedzwa kwevechidiki, kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza, kugadzirisa mitero uye kurambidzwa kupinda mumusika. Aya anotevera maitiro emitemo munyika huru nematunhu:
I. EU uye nyika dzeEurope
Bherujiyamu
Kurambidzwa kwefodya kunoraswa e-: Kubva 1 Ndira 2025, kutengeswa kwefodya ye-kucharambidzwa zvachose. Minister of Health vakaratidza njodzi dzayo dzezvakatipoteredza uye dhizaini inorasika kune vechidiki13.
Daidzira mutemo wakabatana weEU: Kumbira European Commission kuti ikurudzire kuvandudzwa kwemitemo yefodya1.
Rativhiya
Kurambidza zera nekunhuhwirira: Hazvibvumidzwe kutengesa e-fodya kuvanhu vari pasi pemakore makumi maviri. Fodya isina kunaka chete kana kuti -zvakarukwa zvinotenderwa, uye zviri mubhegi renicotine zvinogumira13.
Itari
Mvumo yekutengesa uye kurambidzwa kwekutengesa padandemutande: Nguva yemvumo yekutengeswa kwefodya ichangobva kupihwa e-inowedzerwa kusvika kumakore mana, uye nicotine-ine zvigadzirwa hazvibvumidzwe kutengeswa online13.
Speini
Hurongwa hwekunatsurudzwa kwemutemo: The Tobacco Act 2005 inotarisirwa kuvandudzwa kuti irase e{1}}midzanga nezvinonhuhwira, uye kuwedzera huwandu hwenzvimbo dzinosvuta{2}}munzvimbo dzinogara veruzhinji8.
UK uye Wales
Kurambidzwa kwefodya kunoraswa e-: Wales icharambidza kuwanikwa kwefodya inoraswa-kubva musi waChikumi 1, 2025. UK ichange ichisimudzira e-hurongwa hwekudzokorodza fodya, inoda kuti vanogadzira uye{5}}nzvimbo dzekutengeserana dzibhadhare mari dzekuchengetedza nharaunda92.
2. North America
US federal uye nyika
Rhode Island: inorambidza kutengeswa kwefodya ye e- uye inobhadharisa mutero wemasendi makumi mashanu pa millilita pazvinhu zvinoraswa13.
California: Kurambidzwa kwefodya yakarungwa kunowedzerwa kusvika pakutengesa pamhepo, uye vanotyora mutemo vanotarisana nefaindi yepamusoro yemadhora makumi maviri uye kusungwa13.
Illinois: Inorambidza kushambadza kunotsausa kwe-kwefodya (sekurongedza kunotevedzera-zvisiri zvefodya)13.
Utah neIowa: Nekuda kwemhaka dziri kunze kwebumbiro remutemo, kurambidzwa kwefodya ye-e{0}}yakamiswa kwakambomiswa13.
Kanadha
Nicotine content limit: Zvichitevera mitemo yeEU, kuwanda kwe nicotine e-mvura haifaniri kudarika 20mg/mL (mune mamwe matunhu)3.
III. Asia{{1}Nzvimbo yePacific
Vhetinamu
Kurambidzwa zvachose: Kubva muna Ndira 2025, kugadzirwa, kunze kwenyika, kutengesa uye kushandisa e{1}}fodya nefodya inopisa zvicharambidzwa. Vanotyora mutemo vanogona kutongerwa kusvika kumakore mashanu mujeri5710.
Nyuzirendi
Kurambidzwa kwefodya kunoraswa-Kutanga musi waChikumi 17, 2025, nzvimbo yezvitoro zvemhando yepamusoro nenzvimbo dzekushambadza dzicharambidzwa, uye muripo wekutyora mutemo uchawedzerwa kusvika paNZ$100,0006.
Indonezhiya
Mitengo yemitemo: Mitengo yekupisa{{0}kwete{1}}kupisa makaturiji, e-zvinwiwa nekaturiji-zvinochinja zvigadzirwa zvakawedzera ne6%, 22% ne6% zvichiteerana13.
Kijisitani
Kurambidzwa kunze kwenyika nekushandisa: Kubva musi waChikunguru 1, 2025, kutengwa kunze kwe-kwefodya kucharambidzwa, uye mutengo wefodya uchakwidzwa5.
IV. Eastern Europe uye Russia
Rashiya
Kuwedzerwa kwemutero wekushandisa: chikakananda chekushandisa mutero chakawedzera kusvika pamamiriyoni maviri emaruble pakirogiramu, e-mvura 42 rubles pamillilita, uye kuisa mutengo wefodya unosvika gumi nematatu.
V. Maitiro uye Zvinetso
Dzvinyiriro yezvakatipoteredza: Nyika zhinji dzakarambidza fodya e{0}}kuraswa (seBelgium neWales) nechikonzero chekusvibiswa kwepurasitiki uye marara ebhatiri19.
Dziviriro yevechidiki: Deredza kukwezva kuburikidza nekurambidzwa kwekuravira (California, Rhode Island), kurambidzwa kwezera (Latvia) uye kutonga kwekushambadzira (Illinois)136.
Kukwira kwemitengo yekutevedzera maindasitiri: Makambani efodya eChinese e{0}}anofanirwa kuenderana nemitero, zvitupa uye zvinodiwa nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza munyika dzakasiyana siyana, uye kutendeukira kuhunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji uye kuenderana nekugadzirwa kwezvinhu3.
Kukakavadzana kwemutemo: Dzimwe nyika (dzakadai seUtah neIowa) dzakamisa kushandiswa kwemitemo mitsva nekuda kwemhosva dzisingabvumirwi nemutemo, zvichiratidza mutambo pakati pemitemo uye zvido zvekutengeserana13.
Summary
Muna 2025, pasi rose e-mutemo wefodya ucharatidza zvinhu zvitatu zvikuru: kuomarara (kurambidzwa zvachose uye zvirango zvakakwirira), kunatsiridza (kurambidzwa kwakatemwa pazvinonhuhwira uye nzira dzekutengesa), uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza (kukurudzira kudzokorodza mabasa uye kuderedza tsvina). Makambani anofanirwa kutevedzera zvine simba shanduko yezvematongerwo enyika uye kugadzirisa nzira dzekutarisana nenjodzi dzekuteerera uye zvipingamupinyi zvekuwana musika.
